What condition is characterized by a "butterfly rash"?

The condition characterized by a "butterfly rash" is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This distinctive rash typically appears across the cheeks and bridge of the nose, resembling the shape of a butterfly and is one of the hallmark signs of the disease.

SLE is an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue, leading to inflammation and damage in various organs. The butterfly rash is often exacerbated by sun exposure, making photosensitivity a notable feature of the disease.

While rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by joint inflammation and swelling, it does not lead to a butterfly rash. Psoriasis results in scaly, red patches on the skin but is not associated with this specific facial rash. Similarly, dermatitis refers to a broad range of inflammatory skin conditions, which can have various causes and manifestations, but does not typically present with the butterfly-shaped rash seen in systemic lupus erythematosus.