What is a common presentation of Lyme disease?

Lyme disease, primarily transmitted by the bite of infected black-legged ticks (Ixodes scapularis), commonly presents with specific symptoms that help in its identification. The hallmark of Lyme disease is the erythema migrans rash, which is a distinctive circular rash that often resembles a "bull's-eye." This rash occurs in approximately 70-80% of infected individuals and commonly appears at the site of the tick bite.

In addition to the characteristic rash, patients often experience flu-like symptoms, such as fever, chills, fatigue, and body aches. Joint pain is also a frequent manifestation, especially as the disease progresses to its later stages, where arthritis may develop. This combination of erythema migrans, flu-like symptoms, and joint pain forms the classic triad for Lyme disease diagnosis, making it critical for identifying the condition early and initiating appropriate treatment.

Other presentations, like persistent cough and fatigue, can be seen in various conditions but are not specific to Lyme disease. High fever and joint swelling may occur but are typically more associated with advanced stages or complications rather than the initial presentation. Therefore, the distinctive combination of the erythema migrans rash, flu-like symptoms, and joint pain encapsulates the common and early manifestations of Lyme disease