What is the first-line treatment for an acute exacerbation of asthma?

The first-line treatment for an acute exacerbation of asthma is short-acting beta-agonists (SABAs). These medications, such as albuterol, work quickly to relax bronchial smooth muscles, leading to immediate dilation of the airways. This rapid action makes SABAs the most effective choice for alleviating acute asthma symptoms, such as wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness during an exacerbation.

In situations where asthma control is needed urgently, SABAs provide fast relief, typically within minutes, which is critical during an asthma attack. The use of SABAs in these scenarios is well-supported by clinical guidelines and is a standard part of asthma management protocols in acute care settings.

While inhaled corticosteroids and oral corticosteroids are important in the long-term management of asthma and in reducing chronic inflammation, they do not provide the immediate relief required during acute exacerbations. Long-acting beta-agonists are intended for regular use in maintaining asthma control but are not suitable for immediate symptom relief due to their slower onset of action.