What is the main therapeutic goal in managing diabetes mellitus?

The primary therapeutic goal in managing diabetes mellitus is to maintain blood glucose levels within target ranges. This goal is essential because hyperglycemia (high blood glucose levels) can lead to both acute complications, such as diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state, and long-term complications, including cardiovascular disease, neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy.

By consistently keeping blood glucose levels within the target range, patients can significantly reduce the risk of these complications and improve their overall quality of life. Managing blood glucose levels often involves a combination of dietary changes, physical activity, and medications such as insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents.

While decreasing insulin resistance, promoting weight loss, and managing cholesterol levels are important aspects of diabetes management and can contribute to better glucose control and overall health, they are not the primary goal. Instead, these factors support the overarching aim of maintaining optimal blood glucose levels.