What is the most common symptom of congestive heart failure?

Shortness of breath is recognized as the most common symptom of congestive heart failure (CHF) due to the body's inability to pump blood effectively, leading to fluid build-up in the lungs. This condition results in pulmonary congestion, which manifests as dyspnea, or difficulty breathing, particularly during physical exertion or while lying flat, a phenomenon known as orthopnea.

Patients with CHF often report experiencing shortness of breath that can vary in intensity and may progressively worsen over time. This symptom is crucial in diagnosing and assessing the severity of heart failure. In contrast, while symptoms like chest pain, fatigue, and palpitations may occur, they are less characteristic of CHF compared to shortness of breath. Therefore, understanding the prevalence and pathophysiology behind shortness of breath in heart failure is essential for effective management and treatment of the condition.