What is the primary purpose of using statins in patients?

The primary purpose of using statins in patients is to lower cholesterol levels, particularly low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Statins work by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, which plays a central role in the cholesterol synthesis pathway in the liver. By reducing cholesterol production, statins help lower LDL cholesterol concentration in the bloodstream, which is directly linked to a decreased risk of cardiovascular diseases, including heart attacks and strokes.

The reduction of cholesterol is particularly important in managing hyperlipidemia (high cholesterol levels) and for patients with a history of cardiovascular events or those at high risk for such events. The beneficial effects of statins extend beyond cholesterol lowering; they also exhibit pleiotropic effects that can improve endothelial function and stabilize atherosclerotic plaques, further contributing to cardiovascular risk reduction.

In contrast, the other options do not represent the primary purpose of statins. Heart rate regulation, blood glucose level management, and respiratory function improvement are not directly influenced by statin therapy, which is specifically designed to target lipid profiles for cardiovascular health optimization.