What is the primary treatment for hypothyroidism?

The primary treatment for hypothyroidism is levothyroxine, a synthetic form of the thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4). This medication works by supplementing the hormone levels that are insufficient in individuals with hypothyroidism. By restoring normal levels of thyroid hormone in the body, levothyroxine helps to alleviate the various symptoms associated with this condition, which can include fatigue, weight gain, and sensitivity to cold, among others.

Levothyroxine is preferred because it is well-absorbed orally, has a long half-life allowing for once-daily dosing, and most closely mimics the natural hormone produced by the thyroid gland. The treatment goal is to achieve a normal serum TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) level, indicating that the body's metabolism is functioning properly. Regular monitoring of thyroid hormone levels is necessary to adjust the dose of levothyroxine and ensure optimal management of the condition.

In comparison, other choices, like thyroid-stimulating hormone, propylthiouracil, and liothyronine, either do not treat hypothyroidism or are used in different contexts. Thyroid-stimulating hormone is not a treatment but rather a hormone that the pituitary gland releases to stimulate the thyroid gland