What is the role of aspirin in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease?

Aspirin plays a significant role in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease, particularly in high-risk populations. It works as an antiplatelet agent, meaning it helps prevent blood clots from forming by inhibiting the aggregation of platelets. This is crucial in reducing the risk of thrombosis, which can lead to heart attacks and strokes. Studies have shown that in certain high-risk groups—such as those with diabetes, hypertension, or a family history of cardiovascular disease—regular low-dose aspirin therapy can significantly lower the incidence of these major cardiovascular events.

The other options do not accurately describe aspirin's role in this context. Aspirin does not reduce cholesterol levels or directly decrease blood pressure; these are managed by other medications and lifestyle modifications. Additionally, while aspirin can help prevent blood clots, its use is not recommended for all individuals indiscriminately, as the potential benefits need to be weighed against the risks of gastrointestinal bleeding and hemorrhagic stroke, which is why its primary preventive use is reserved for those at higher risk for cardiovascular events.