Which condition is characterized by elevated thyroid hormones?

Hyperthyroidism is a condition defined by the overproduction of thyroid hormones, primarily thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). In this condition, the thyroid gland becomes overactive, which leads to a variety of metabolic changes throughout the body. Symptoms often include increased heart rate, weight loss, heat intolerance, anxiety, and tremors, reflecting the heightened metabolic state that excess thyroid hormones induce.

In contrast, hypothyroidism occurs when there is insufficient production of thyroid hormones, leading to symptoms like fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, and depression. Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune condition that typically leads to hypothyroidism rather than hyperthyroidism, as it results in the destruction of thyroid tissue. Goiter refers to an enlargement of the thyroid gland, which can occur in both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, but it does not specifically indicate elevated thyroid hormone levels.

Therefore, hyperthyroidism is the correct choice as it directly signifies a condition characterized by elevated thyroid hormones.